{ "cid": "1.2.2.5.0.1", "data": { "average": null, "crawled_on": "20-07-2026", "current_value": null, "last_update": "10-03-2026", "reporting_on": "1991-2024", "source": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/sdg_15_61?format=JSON&lang=EN", "target": null, "values": { "1991": 100.0, "1992": 97.9, "1993": 95.8, "1994": 93.8, "1995": 91.9, "1996": 90.0, "1997": 88.2, "1998": 86.3, "1999": 84.6, "2000": 82.9, "2001": 81.4, "2002": 79.8, "2003": 78.2, "2004": 76.2, "2005": 73.9, "2006": 71.8, "2007": 70.2, "2008": 69.2, "2009": 68.7, "2010": 68.4, "2011": 68.2, "2012": 67.8, "2013": 67.4, "2014": 67.0, "2015": 66.6, "2016": 65.7, "2017": 64.6, "2018": 63.4, "2019": 62.0, "2020": 60.4, "2021": 58.6, "2022": 56.7, "2023": 54.7, "2024": 52.6 } }, "datasets": [ { "access_data_policy": "Data available on request signing a license agreement ", "accessible": true, "date": "2026-02-13", "description": "Grassland butterfly index - EU aggregate", "findable": true, "format": "Tabular", "id": 9, "interoperable": false, "licence_of_use": "Data has to be requested from European Butterfly Monitoring Scheme: https://butterfly-monitoring.net/sites/default/files/eBMS%20DATA%20REQUEST%20POLICY%20%3D%20Annex%20B%20v2019%2004%2001.pdf", "reference": "Butterfly Monitoring/European Butterfly Monitoring, (https://butterfly-monitoring.net/bms), accessed 24 February 2026.", "resolution": "EU (continental territories only; country composition varies by reporting year)", "reusable": true, "scale": null, "spatial_extent": "EU (continental territories only; country composition varies by reporting year)", "storage": "https://butterfly-monitoring.net/able-results", "tag": "SDG_15_61", "temporal_extent": "1991-2024", "version": null } ], "documentation": { "accessible": true, "accuracy_uncertainties": "Not assessed", "cid": "1.2.2.5.0.1", "comments": null, "copyright": "Eurostat copyright notice: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Copyright/licence_policy.", "definition": "The indicator is an index measuring changes in population abundance at EU level of 15 grassland butterfly species, using 1991 as the reference year.", "documented": true, "has_target": false, "id": 6, "indicator": "Grassland butterfly index", "label": "5.0.1", "method": "1) Calculation of scheme-level indices per each species; 2) calculation of a collated index for EU27 for each species by fitting a Poisson GLM; 3) calculation of the EU27 indicator by taking the geometric mean of the single-species indices; 4) calculation of a smoothed indicator using a loess smooth with span=0,75 and degree=2. More information can be found in Van Swaay et al., 2020. Assessing Butterflies in Europe - Butterfly Indicators 1990-2018 Technical report. Butterfly Conservation Europe & ABLE/eBMS; and on the website of the European Butterfly Monitoring Scheme: https://butterfly-monitoring.net/bms-methods.", "open_source": false, "peer_reviewed": true, "producer": "European Butterfly Monitoring Scheme partnership", "provider": "Eurostat", "reference": "Sustainable development in the European Union - Monitoring report on progress towards the SDGs in an EU context - 2025 edition (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-flagship-publications/w/KS-01-24-018), accessed 24 February 2026. van Swaay, C. A. M., Nowicki, P., Settele, J. and van Strien, A. J., 2008, 'Butterfly monitoring in Europe: methods, applications and perspective', Biodiversity and conservation 17(14), pp. 3455-3469. van Swaay, C. A. M., Dennis, E. B., Schmucki, R., Sevilleja, C. G., Aghababyan, K., \u00c5str\u00f6m, S., Balalaikins, M., Bonelli, S., Botham, M., Bourn, N., Brereton, T., Cancela, J. P., Carlisle, B., Chambers, P., Collins, S., Dopagne, C., Dziekanska, I., Escob\u00e9s, R., Faltynek Fric, Z. et al., 2020, Assessing Butterflies in Europe - Butterfly Indicators 1990-2018: Technical report, Butterfly Conservation Europe & ABLE/eBMS (www.butterfly-monitoring.net), accessed 24 February 2026.", "site_notes": "The values for the indicator are calculated using 1991 as year of reference.", "source": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/sdg_15_61/default/table?lang=en", "spatial_coverage": "EU (continental territories only; country composition varies by reporting year)", "spatial_scope_eu27": true, "spatial_scope_global": false, "spatial_scope_ms": false, "storage": null, "subtarget_id": null, "summary": "This indicator is an index measuring changes in population abundance at EU level of 15 grassland butterfly species, using 1991 as reference year. Values are calculated every year by the European Butterfly Monitoring Scheme partnership, distributed by the European Environmental Agency, and further provided by Eurostat.", "tag": "SDG_15_61", "terrestrial": true, "time_coverage": "1991-2024", "type": "State", "unit": "Index measuring changes in population abundances of butterfly species compared to the reference year 1991 (Index 1991 = 100).", "update_frequency": "Every year", "validated": true, "visible": true, "visualisation": "timechart", "web_service": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/sdg_15_61?format=JSON&lang=EN" }, "other_policies": [ { "label": "Sustainable Development Goals", "tag": "SDG", "url": "https://www.informea.org/fr/node/456322" }, { "label": "8th Environment Action Programme", "tag": "8EAP", "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52020PC0652&qid=1636558052767" } ], "tags": { "category": { "cid": "1.2.2", "label": null, "tag": "Bringing nature back to agricultural land" }, "context": { "cid": "1", "label": "EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030", "tag": "EU-BDS" }, "subcontext": { "cid": "1.2", "label": "Restore ecosystems", "tag": "EU NATURE RESTORATION PLAN" }, "subtarget": { "cid": null, "label": null, "tag": null }, "target": { "cid": "1.2.2.5", "label": "The decline of pollinators is reversed.", "tag": "Target 5" } } }